For many Scandinavians, love is a free relationship between independent individuals. Their national cultural ideas and policies of freedom, independence, and equality in interpersonal relations encourage their culture of love. The free Scandinavian love in the countries of Denmark, Sweden, … Continue reading
Category Archives: cultural variables
How Does Cultural Power Distance Affect Societies?
People’s social relationships are hierarchically structured in many regards. Individuals’ power and status, for example, are distributed unequally in many societies. And the degree of this social inequality varies in different cultures. Power distance is a measure of how important … Continue reading
Cultural and Individual in Cross-cultural Comparisons
Many countries around the world have a diverse population in terms of races, ethnicities, religions, languages, and historical and cultural backgrounds of the people living in their territories. So, researchers widely investigate cross-cultural comparisons. Even though people in many countries … Continue reading
What Are the National Cultures?
The article comprehensively reviews the concept of national cultures and its validity for cross-cultural research. The concept of national culture is widespread in cultural and cross-cultural research. It is believed that the residents of certain countries or people of certain … Continue reading
The Cultures Beyond the Global Western and Eastern Societies
For a very long time, scholars interested in cultures and their comparison have focused on Western and Eastern societies as distinctively different types of cultures. Such a cultural dichotomy was simple and easy to understand and explain in terms of … Continue reading
Low-context and High-context Communication Styles
Our interpersonal communication involves both The context in which we say something can be more important than the content that we want to deliver. People can be receptive to our message in one context but not in another. Sometimes, context … Continue reading
Cultural Proxemics and the Immediacy of Interpersonal Communication
Humans are territorial species, even though their notions of territorial space and proxemics are different from many other animals and vary between hunter-gatherer and agricultural societies. Humans, as social animals, tend to form a sense of in-groups and out-groups, as … Continue reading
Western versus Eastern cultures
The division between societies of Western and Eastern cultures is widespread in world scholarship and is most typical in cultural and cross-cultural studies. Why is it that this division, though quite simplistic, has become so popular among researchers? The Tendency … Continue reading