What Are the National Cultures?

The article comprehensively reviews the concept of national cultures and its validity for cross-cultural research. The concept of national culture is widespread in cultural and cross-cultural research. It is believed that the residents of certain countries or people of certain … Continue reading

The Cultures Beyond the Global Western and Eastern Societies

For a very long time, scholars interested in cultures and their comparison have focused on Western and Eastern societies as distinctively different types of cultures. Such a cultural dichotomy was simple and easy to understand and explain in terms of … Continue reading

The Diversity of Western and Eastern Cultures

For a long time, the cultural distinction between Western and Eastern cultures has been the subject of public debate and academic study. Western cultures have usually been thought of as those of the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands, the … Continue reading

5 Differences Between Western and Eastern Cultures

The cultural opposition of Western and Eastern societies has been widely recognized in public discourse and scholarship. This division of the major world cultures had historical roots, valid justification, and adequacy. Great Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, the United States … Continue reading

Western Communication Style vs Eastern Communication Style

The key point of this article are that Western communication style vs Eastern communication style differ in their cultural norms. Western cultures value low-context communication, whereas Eastern cultures value high-context communication. As I have previously stated on this website, Western … Continue reading

Low-context and High-context Communication Styles

Our interpersonal communication involves both The context in which we say something can be more important than the content that we want to deliver. People can be receptive to our message in one context but not in another. Sometimes, context … Continue reading

Cultural Proxemics and the Immediacy of Interpersonal Communication

Humans are territorial species, even though their notions of territorial space and proxemics are different from many other animals and vary between hunter-gatherer and agricultural societies. Humans, as social animals, tend to form a sense of in-groups and out-groups, as … Continue reading

Proxemics and Immediacy in Interpersonal Communication

In this article, I define what proxemics and immediacy in interpersonal communication are. I also explain what the proxemic zones and immediacy of communication tell us about relationships. Cultural variations in the use of proxemics and immediacy still exist. What … Continue reading

Individualism and Collectivism in Societies

Individualism and collectivism have been among the central concepts of cross-cultural research. The division between individualistic Western societies and collectivistic Eastern societies is probably the best-known cultural parameter distinguishing the West and East. At least, that is the most common … Continue reading

Personal Identity in Independent and Interdependent Cultures

The concept of interdependent and independent cultures tells us something about the internal structure of society and relationships between people, as well as how they are deemed in the mind and self of a person. These are personhood conceptions and … Continue reading