What Is Unique About Italian Typological Beauty?

Many Italians believe their people are the most beautiful compared to other cultures and other regions of their own country. The Milanese, for example, claim that the men and women in their cities are the most beautiful. But the Venetians, … Continue reading

The Italian Value of Beauty and Love

Many cultural characteristics distinguish national beauty standards. In this and previous articles, I describe Italian beauty based on many sources from the last several centuries. Let us explore the archival legacy of love scholarship (Finck, 1887/2019). Here are some of … Continue reading

The Chivalrous Poetry of German Minstrels

The cultural concept of chivalry describes the social norms that medieval knights were expected to uphold in their interactions with women. These ideals of chivalry and standards of chivalrous conduct gave rise to a new romantic culture. Historians frequently refer … Continue reading

The Spanish and German Medieval Stories of Militant Chivalry

The concept of chivalry usually refers to chivalrous codes of behavior that knights and gentlemen of medieval Europe should demonstrate in their social interactions. In the time period of about 1170 to 1220 CE, knights created the social rules of … Continue reading

Love in the Aryan Caste Culture

In scholarly literature, the term “Aryan culture” has frequently referred to the “Indo-European” cultures of the past associated with ancient Indo-Iranian languages. These prehistoric cultures existed many centuries ago. The Indo-Aryan migration occurred approximately between 2000 and 1500 BCE. The … Continue reading

Did Love Exist in Ancient Aryan Culture?

The cultural connotations of the word “Aryan” can be different. Many of us might recall the popular modern name “Aryan.” Some may think of the word in association with the notion of white racial superiority, which is incorrect. However, few … Continue reading

Emoji Love and Other Emotions in the Virtual World

In modern culture, it seems easy to guess what “heart” and especially “red heart” mean. Guess what? Love! So, the corresponding symbols are common in modern virtual world. The emoji ❤️ adopted the same meaning social media messages. The red heart … Continue reading

Two African Societies with Matriarchal Cultures

Many of us are familiar with traditional patriarchal societies, which have been prevalent throughout the world for many centuries. In a patriarchal society, the father is the main owner of a property and the head of a household. Because of … Continue reading

What Does the Song of Songs Tell Us About Hebrew Love?

Did romantic love exist in ancient Hebrew times? It appears that the Bible does not mention romantic love, neither in the Old nor in the New Testament. Conjugal love was frequently mentioned and encouraged. Other types of family ties were … Continue reading